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John Phillips (c. 1709 – 28 December 1775) was a prominent English master carpenter, builder, and architect who was active in London. He inherited the considerable practice of his uncle, Thomas Phillips (c. 1689–1736), who was active as a speculative builder on the Harley estate, held the contract for carpentry and joiner's work at James Gibbs' St Martin-in-the-Fields and St Peter's, Vere Street, and built the wooden bridge across the Thames between Fulham and Putney (1729–30).〔Howard Colvin, ''A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600-1840'', 3rd ed. 1995, ''s.v.'' "Phillips, John"; Colvin's account of commissions and dates is followed in this article.〕 In partnership with George Shakespear, John Phillips developed Charles Street, Mayfair (1750) and other blocks of land in London's West End. Phillips was the "undertaker" for the whole north-west corner of the Grosvenor estate.〔'Park Lane', in ''Survey of London: volume 40: The Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 2 (The Buildings) (1980)'', (pp. 264-289 ), accessed 15 November 2010〕 Phillips built a grand house for Lord Bateman (1759–60) at the north end of Park Lane, and next to it Camelford House (1773–74) for Thomas Pitt, 1st Baron Camelford.〔('The Architecture of the Estate: First Changes', ''Survey of London'' 39: The Grosvenor Estate in Mayfair, Part 1 (General History) (1977), pp. 119-127 ) Date accessed: 19 November 2010.〕 A subcontractor for carving documented in 1773 was John Linnell, a prominent cabinetmaker.〔John's father, William Linnell, had executed carver's work at Radcliffe Camera (1745) and at Alscot Park; the Linnells' ongoing connections with John Phillips are traced in Helena Hayward, ''William and John Linnell, Eighteenth-Century London Furniture Makers'', 1980, vol. I:30.〕 In Oxford, Phillips constructed James Gibbs's wooden dome for the Radcliffe Camera and provided refined joinery in the building (1742–50). Phillips and Shakespear were also responsible for the interior joinery of Christ Church Library (1752–62, ''illustration, right''). For James West, Phillips and Shakespear extended Alscot Park, Warwickshire, (1750–52), with a north wing and a rebuilt south wing (1762–66)〔 (gives dates)〕 in a Gothick manner that Howard Colvin finds akin to designs by Batty Langley.〔Colvin 1995.〕 For Elizabeth, Countess of Portsmouth, Phillips and Shakespear demolished the east wings and parts of the north and south wings of Audley End. In 1771–72, Phillips constructed the wooden bridge at Battersea, under the direction of the architect Henry Holland. It was demolished in 1881.〔Dorothy Stroud, ''Henry Holland''; Colvin 1995.〕 During his career he held the post of Carpenter to His Majesty's Board of Works.〔Emma Elizabeth Thoyts, ''History of the Royal Berkshire militia'', 1897, p. 305〕 From his uncle, Phillips inherited the house in Brook Street that he occupied throughout his career; it survives as 39, Lower Brook Street, remodelled by a later occupant, Sir Jeffry Wyatville.〔Colvin 1991, note.〕 In his retirement, he occupied and built Culham House, Culham, Oxfordshire, where his brother's descendants (John Phillips having died childless) joined the landed gentry,〔Bernard Burke, 'Phillips of Culham House', in ''A genealogical and heraldic history of the landed gentry of Great Britain & Ireland'', vol. 2, 1871, p. 1092〕 continuing to live there until 1935.〔 A sarcophagus in Phillips's memory is in the parish church of East Hagbourne.〔Daniel Lysons, ''Magna Britannia'' vol. 1: Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, 1813, (p. 284 )〕 ==Notes== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Phillips (c. 1709–75)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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